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  Chapter 7 - Countries of the World


  Vocabulary


韩国HánguóKorea
法国FǎguóFrance
英国YīngguóEngland
日本RìběnJapan
西班牙XībānyáSpain
义大利YìdàlìItaly
澳大利亚Àodàlìyá Australia
中国ZhōngguóChina
加拿大JīanádàCanada
俄国ÉguóRussia
美国MěiguóUSA
非洲FēizhōuAfrica
亚洲YázhōuAsia
欧洲ŌuzhōuEurope
北美BěiměiNorth America
南美NánměiSouth America
dōngeast
nánsouth
西west
běinorth
rénperson

 Look at the Characters



guó
rén
country, native
man, person







New Combinations

國歌
國會
國防
國土
國外
國内

行人
人工
人手
人人
女人
男人
人才
人海
人家
人心
人山人海

美元
(nation + song)
(nation + assemble)
(nation + protect)
(nation + soil)
(nation + outside)
(nation + inside)

(walk + man)
(man + work)
(man + hand)
(man + man)
(female + person)
(male + person)
(man + ability)
(people + sea)
(man + family)
(people + heart)
(people + mountain + peo

(America + dollar)
national anthem
congress, parliament
national defense
territory
overseas, external
domestic

pedestrian
artificial, manmade
manpower
everybody
woman
man
talented person
crowd (sea of faces)
household
will of the people
a huge crowd of people

American dollars
guógē
guóhuì
guófánq
guótǔ
guówài
guónèi

xíngrén
réngōng
rénshǒu
rénrén
nǔrén
nánrén
réncái
rénhǎi
rénjia
rénxīn
rénshānrénhǎi

Měiyuán


Look at the Language

 

1. Countries

 

Chinese descriptions of other countries are very complimentary,


美國
英國
德國
Měiguó (beautiful country)
Yīngguó (brave country)
Déguó (virtuous country)
United States
England
Germany

  even though the originators of the Chinese translation no doubt had the sound of the name of the country foremost in their minds, when they chose which characters would be used to describe it:


菲律賓
愛爾蘭
奧地利
Fēilùbīn (luxuriant-lawyer-quest)
Àièrlán (love-you-orchid)
Àodìlì (abstruse-earth-favor)
Philippines
Ireland
Austria

 

2. Nationality

 

  To tell someone what country you are from, add ren (man, person) to the name of the country:


美國
美國人
我是美國人.
我是日本人.
他是法國人.
Měiguó
Měiguórén
Wǒ shì Měiguórén.
Wǒ shì Rìběnrén.
Tā shì Fǎguórén.
America (United States)
American (America person)
I'm American. (I am America person.)
I'm Japanese.
She is French.

  To refer to one's language, add hua (words) to the country:


德國
德國話
說德國話
我說德國話.
我會說德國話.
你會說德國話.
您會說德國話嗎?
Déguó
Déguóhuà
Shuō Dégúohuà
Wǒ shuō Déguóhuà.
Wǒ huì shuō Déguóhuà.
Nǐ huì shuō Déguóhuà.
Nín huì shuō Déguóhuà ma?
Germany
German (words)
speak German words
I speak German.
I can speak German.
You can speak German.
Can you speak German?


  Another word for "language" is wen, indicating a more comprehensive familiarity with the language, i.e., read books, know some of the literature, etc., than merely being able to shuo hua (speak words):


我說中文.




我說中國話.
Wǒ shuō Zhōngwén.




Wǒ shuō Zhōngguó huà.
I understand Chinese. (I am familiar with the language - reading, writing, speaking, literature, etc.)

I can speak Chinese.

Wen also means "literature:

中文
英文
英文字典

中英
中英字典
英中字典
Zhōngwén
Yīngwén
Yīngwénzì

Zhōng-Yīng
Zhōng-Yīng zìdǐan
Yīng-Zhōng zìdǐan
Chinese literature
English literature or language
English literature

Chinese-English
Chinese-English dictionary
English-Chinese dictionary