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  Chapter 4 - In the Garden


  Vocabulary


房子fángzi house
shùtree
cǎograss
yuángarden
huāflowers
叶子yèzileaf
māocat
nǐao bird
tīansky
太阳tàiyángsun
shuǐwater
蘋果píngguǒ apple
妈妈māmamother
爸爸bàbafather
弟弟dìdilittle brother
妹妹mèimeilittle sister
哥哥gēgeelder brother
姐姐jǐejieelder sister
chípond
shānmountain
小山xǐaoshānhill
森林sēnlín forest
房屋fángwūhouse
房顶fángdǐngroof

 Look at the Characters





tài
tīan
xǐao

too, excessive, great
sky, heaven, day
small
big


New Combinations

太陽
太陽鏡
太空
太空船
太空人
太太
太多

天地
天空
天氣
天才

小學
小姐
小時
小心
小吃

大學
大人
大家
大衣
大膽
小題大作
大同小異
(great + sun)
(sun + glasses)
(great + empty)
(space + boat)
(space + person)
(great + great)
(too + many)

(heaven + earth)
(heaven + air)
(heaven + air)
(heaven+ ability)

(small + school)
(small + sister)
(small + time)
(small + heart)
(small + food)

(big + school)
(big + person)
(big + family)
(big + coat)
(big + courage)
(small topic big make)
(big same small differen
sun
sunglasses
outer space
spaceship
spaceman
wife, Mrs.
too many

world
sky
weather
genius

elementary school
Miss
hour
cautious, careful
snacks

university
adult
everybody
overcoat
fearless
to make a mountain out o
almost similar, with sma
tàiyáng
tàiyángjìng
tàikōng
tàikōngchúan
tàikōngrén
tàitai
tàiduō

tīandī
tīankōng
tīanqì
tīancái

xǐaoxué
xǐaojǐe
xǐaoshí
xǐaoxīn
xǐaochī

dàxué
dàrén
dàjīa
dàyī
dàdàn
xǐaotídàzuò
dàtóngxǐaoyì


Look at the Language

 

1. Zi Appended to Nouns


The word zi is suffixed after many single-syllable nouns, and does not change the meaning or number of the noun. It is a little more formal than the shorter form, and may be spoken or not spoken, at the discretion of the speaker. It is more often used in writing than in speaking. It may have have originally referred to people, or been a diminutive.



房子


葉子


鼻子


椅子


瘦子


桌子


孩子


魚子

fáng
fángzi


yèzi


bízi


yízi

shòu
shòuzi

zhúō
zhúōzi

hái
haizi


yúzi

house
house

leaf
leaf

nose
nose

chair
chair

lean
thin person

table
table

child
child

fish
roe

 

2. Directions

  The points of the compass:




西

dōng
nán

běi

east
south
west
north


  Other directions:








樓上
樓下

上邊
下邊



這里
那里

里邊
外邊


在上
在里

zuǒ
yòu
qián
hòu

shàng
xià
lóushàng
lóuxià

shàngbiān
xiàbiān

jìn
yuǎn
zhè
nàlǐ

lǐbiān
wàibiān

zài
zài...shàng
zài...lǐ

east
south
west
north

left
right
front
back

over
under

near
far
here
there

inside
outside

at
on
in

The Chinese name for China is "middle kingdom":



中國
zhōng
guó
Zhōng guó

middle
country
China

For more on directions, see the chapter on Geography.